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Greystones

Coordinates: 53°08′38″N 6°04′19″W / 53.144°N 6.072°W / 53.144; -6.072
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, see Greystones (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Graystones or Gray Rocks.

Greystones
Na Clocha Liatha (Irish)
Town
Greystones skyline
Greystones skyline
Coat of arms of Greystones
Coat of arms
Motto(s): 
Gníomhach idir Carraig is Crúacha
Active between rock and mountain peaks
Greystones is located in Ireland
Greystones
Greystones
Location in Ireland
Coordinates: 53°08′38″N 6°04′19″W / 53.144°N 6.072°W / 53.144; -6.072
CountryIreland
ProvinceLeinster
CountyCounty Wicklow
Elevation
50 m (160 ft)
Population
 (2022)[1]
 • Total22,009
 • Rank22nd
 • Ethnicity
2016 census
Ethnic groups
DemonymGreystonian
Time zoneUTC±0 (WET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+1 (IST)
Eircode routing key
A63
Telephone area code+353(0)1
Irish Grid ReferenceO297122
Websitehttps://greystones.ie/

Greystones (Irish: Na Clocha Liatha) is a coastal town and seaside resort in County Wicklow, Ireland. It lies on Ireland's east coast, 3.5 km (2.2 mi) south of Bray and 24 km (15 mi) south of Dublin city centre and has a population of 22,009, according to the 2022 census.[1] The town is bordered by the Irish Sea to the east, Bray Head to the north and the Wicklow Mountains to the west. It is the second largest town in County Wicklow (after Bray).

The town was named after a half-mile or one-kilometre stretch of grey stones between two beaches on the seafront. The harbour area and Greystones railway station are at the northern and southern ends respectively. The North Beach, which begins at the harbour, is a stony beach, and some of its length is overlooked by the southern cliffs of Bray Head, which are subject to erosion. The South Beach is a broad sandy beach about one kilometre long. It is a Blue Flag beach and receives many visitors and tourists, mainly in the summer.

In 2008, Greystones was named as the world's "most liveable community" at the LivCom Awards in China.[2] The community received the same award again in 2021.[3]

History

[edit]

Greystones is located south of the site of an ancient castle of the Barony of Rathdown. There was a hamlet which, like Rathdown Castle, was known as Rathdown, and which appeared on a 1712 map. This site occupied an area now known as the Grove, north of Greystones harbour, but only the ruins of a chapel, St. Crispin's Cell, survive. Greystones is a much more recent settlement and is first mentioned in Topographia Hibernica, a 1795 publication. Here it is described as a "noted fishing place four miles beyond Bray."

DART train at Greystones Station

In the early 19th century, there were some families scattered around the harbour, Blacklion, Windgates, Killincarrig and Rathdown. Delgany was a more substantial and longer-established village. However, Greystones was put on the map with the coming of the railway in 1855, a difficult undertaking which was performed in consultation with the engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel. The railway station was built on the line dividing the properties of two landowners: the La Touche family of Bellevue House (now in ruins, near Delgany), and the Hawkins-Whitshed family of Killincarrig House (which is now Greystones Golf Club). It provided links with Bray and Dublin and left room for development on the adjoining estates.[citation needed]

Elizabeth Hawkins-Whitshed (better known as Lizzie Le Blond) owned the Hawkins-Whitshed estate from 1871 and she developed Ireland's first planned housing estate, an area currently known as the Burnaby. She was a mountaineer and explorer, a photographer, an author of mountaineering books, fiction, travel writing and a filmmaker. She donated, for a nominal rent, the site upon which the library in Greystones is built. Her first marriage to Frederick Gustavus Burnaby was short-lived and he is only known to have visited Wicklow once; However the area is still given his surname. An adjoining estate to that of Elizabeth Hawkins-Whitshed was owned by the La Touche Family. It was during the time William Robert La Touche owned the estate that Greystones developed rapidly. To the north of the station, Church Road, Victoria Road and Trafalgar Road were laid out, and many houses were built. In the early 20th century, the Burnabys began to expand the town on their side of the station, and the roads and houses of the Burnaby were developed and the population grew. The names of these two families are reflected on the names of several roads and housing estates in the area.

Between 1885 and 1897, the people of Greystones campaigned for a harbour to aid the fishing industry and imports such as coal. The original pier, dock, sea wall and boat slip remained pre-2009 but had endured substantial damage. In the early 20th century, the town felt the effects of coastal erosion (which is still a major problem); the loss of fields and most of the houses on the North Beach Road, and the costly inland relocation of the railway have all resulted. In 1968, the old Kish lighthouse foundation was added to the end of the pier.

At the end of World War II, cars and petrol became widely available, allowing Greystones to gradually expand, filling in space between itself and outlying areas such as Blacklion, Killincarrig and Delgany. However, the popularity of the railway declined; its very existence being in jeopardy during the 1980s, as government cutbacks reduced the service to just a few trains per day. The 1990s brought a revival with the arrival of the electrified DART from Bray, and a much more frequent schedule.

Greystones panorama

Population and development

[edit]
Greystones Harbour
Church Road, the main street of Greystones

Greystones has experienced a large increase in its population since the 1970s with the construction of mainly large housing estates.[citation needed] The first of these periods lasted for around a decade seeing the development of estates like Hillside, Applewood Heights, Redford Park and other smaller ones like Burnaby Park. The second boom in construction came during the Celtic Tiger period of the early 2000s which saw developments such as Charlesland (the biggest) just south of the town, which includes over 1,000 units. Following the 2008 financial crisis little development took place, evident in the difference between the 2011 census and the 2016 census; an increase of only 1,000.[4][original research?]

As of 2018, Greystones was experiencing a housing boom. A number of large-scale developments were taking place, mainly on the western fringes of the town, in the harbour area and around Charlesland. The main schemes included Seagreen and Waverly in Blacklion, Glenheron and Archer's Wood beside Charlesland and Marina village at the harbour.[5] As of 2021, there were also multiple other similar schemes approved or pending approval.[6][7] These new developments resulted in a population increase of almost 4000 between 2016 and 2022.[1]

As of the 2022 census, the population of Greystones–Delgany stood at 22,009, making it the second largest town in the county after Bray.[1] In 2016, the Greystones Municipal District Population stood at 26,323.[8]

Wicklow County Council and Greystones Municipal District Council plan for at least 24,000 by 2028 in the town itself.[citation needed]

Along with the housing developments, road networks and facilities have been "improved" to cater for the growth. The road between Greystones and Bray has been slightly widened and realigned. A dual carriageway link road (R774) connecting Greystones to the N11 has been completed to the south of the town. Construction of a full interchange with the N11 has also been completed. Chapel Road has been connected with Blacklion Manor Road forming a new section of wide higher capacity road from the junction at Lidl to the junction with the top of Applewood Heights, creating a complete bottleneck at Delgany village. Estates like Seagreen access from this road.[citation needed]

Transport

[edit]

Road

[edit]

Greystones is accessible from the N11 Dublin–Wexford road; via an interchange (Junction 11 on the N11) near Charlesland connects with the town via a dual carriageway. This quickly changes into the M11. This then joins onto the M50 (Dublin's orbital motorway) about 10 km north. There is an interchange in Bray (J7) that has a link road to Greystones from the north

Rail

[edit]

Greystones railway station, which opened on 30 October 1855,[9] is the southern terminus of the DART railway line, a service which connects thirty-one stations along Dublin's east coast. Iarnród Éireann diesel Commuter and InterCity trains also serve Greystones, linking the town with Wicklow, Arklow, Gorey, Wexford, and Rosslare Europort to the south, and Dublin's Connolly Station to the north.

Bus

[edit]

Greystones is served by the 84, 84N, 84X and 184 bus routes whilst route 702 Aircoach service starting at Charlesland links the area with Dublin Airport.

Walking

[edit]

Bray and Greystones are linked by a Cliff Walk, which follows the route of the railway line around Bray Head. The walk is 6 km long and takes approximately two hours.[10]

Administration

[edit]

Greystones is part of the Dáil constituency of Wicklow and the European Parliament constituency of South. As of 2024, three of Wicklow's five TDs are based in Greystones: Stephen Donnelly (FF), Simon Harris (FG) and Jennifer Whitmore (SD).[citation needed]

In local government, the Greystones local electoral area (LEA) elects six councillors to Wicklow County Council who sit as Greystones Municipal District. This LEA also includes the neighbouring villages of Delgany, Kilcoole and Newcastle Lower.[11]

In 1984, Greystones was granted town commissioners.[12] This became a town council in 2002.[13] All town councils in Ireland were abolished in 2014.[14]

Development

[edit]
Main Street wirescape

Marina

[edit]

A €300 million redevelopment scheme for the harbour was proposed by the Sispar consortium (Sispar is a joint venture consortium of Sisk and Michael Cotter's Park Developments) in a public-private partnership with Wicklow County Council. This development was a topical issue in the town, with objections revolving around the privatisation of public beachfront land without a broad public agreement.[15] The development includes a new harbour, 341 apartments, a 230 berth marina, a new public plaza and facilities for local sporting clubs.[16]

On the granting of planning permission, 6,210 submissions were received by An Bord Pleanála on initial plans, of which more than 6,200 were objections.[17] Many of the objections came from outside County Wicklow, according to a spokesman for Wicklow County Council.[18] Many objected to specifics of the plan while approving the general idea. An oral hearing was held and the board requested the developers to make certain changes which resulted in the plans being scaled down by approximately 10%.[19] Some 3,700 objections were made on these updated plans. On 9 August 2007, the board approved the final plans, while imposing 13 conditions on construction works, including the retention of public access to the Cliff Walk during the development period, strict guidelines in relation to dust suppression, the re-use of demolition materials, and limitations on the hours of operation and noise levels. The board also overruled an earlier inspector's report, instead permitting an old unlicensed landfill to remain beside the new apartments.[19][20]

In February 2010, it was announced that development of the marina would be paused indefinitely due to conditions in the Irish property market.[21]

After the development plans stalled, the loans attached to the development were transferred to NAMA. Sispar insisted that it needed funding from NAMA to finish the project.[22] In September 2012 it was reported that NAMA had written off €50m owed for the troubled development of Greystones Harbour. It appeared that it was not the Sispar consortium but Sisk alone that controlled the loans.[23]

Almost all of the new harbour facilities are now in use and available to the public, while the construction of apartments is ongoing.[citation needed]

Sports

[edit]

Association football

[edit]

The town is home the association football club Greystones United,[24] which is based at Woodlands near the south beach. GUFC is the largest schoolboy/girl football club in the country and has in excess of 700 members.[24] Among the club's former players is retired Irish international Paul McShane. Another club, Greystones AFC, is located at 'The Arch Field' beside the railway bridge at the harbour. Five of their players have represented Ireland at various levels. Ian Horan, Chris Mason and Stephen McCann represented the Irish Intermediate team and Stephen Roche and Richie O'Hanlon represented the Irish Colleges team.[citation needed]

Gaelic games

[edit]

Éire Óg Greystones GAA club is located on Mill Road, at the south end of the town. In the early 21st century, the club undertook development and improvement works on the clubhouse, pitches, lighting and parking facilities.[citation needed]

Golf

[edit]

There are two 18-hole golf courses and a driving range within the town. Greystones Golf Club, which was founded in 1895,[25] overlooks the town, the countryside, and the Irish Sea. Charlesland Golf Club is newer, flatter, and located by the sea. There are other courses at Delgany, Glen of the Downs, Kilcoole, Druids Glen, and Bray.[citation needed]

Marine

[edit]

Greystones has many marine-based clubs including sailing and wind-surfing, angling, diving, rowing and Sea Scouts. Greystones rowing club, for example, was established in 1920.

Shore angling for cod and plaice at the beaches and the harbour attracts visitors during the summer.[citation needed] Swimming is also popular in warmer weather, especially on the south beach.[citation needed]

Rugby

[edit]
Main article: Greystones RFC

Greystones RFC is a rugby union team which participates in the All-Ireland League.

Tennis

[edit]

Greystones Lawn Tennis Club has 12 outdoor floodlit courts and a clubhouse located on Mill Road at the south end of the town. It has hosted several regional and national competitions.[26]

Other sports

[edit]

There is a lawn bowling club located at Burnaby Park. Greystones is also home to the Greystones Mariners Baseball Club, which competes nationally and which has seen several members represent the Irish national baseball team.[citation needed]

Greystones Cricket (formed in 2012), practices (nets) at Greystones RFC and play their home matches at the Greystones United F.C. grounds. They have three senior men's teams and one ladies' team playing in the Leinster Cricket Union competitions, a taverners and two junior teams.

St. Kilian's Badminton Club plays in Shoreline Leisure Center on Mill Road.[27]

Religion

[edit]
Holy Rosary Catholic Church

Greystones has a variety of Christian denominations in the locality, with most divisions of mainstream Christianity represented. There is a Roman Catholic,[28] a Presbyterian,[29] a Church of Ireland,[30] an Evangelical,[31] and an Evangelical Arminian[32] church in Greystones. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, members of the Ukrainian Orthodox community have moved to the area.[33][34][35][failed verification]

As of the 2022 census, 56% of respondents in Greystones indicated that they were Catholic, 25% had no religion, 14% were of other religions and 5% did not state a religion.[36] While a majority of residents are Catholic, Greystones had (as of the 2016 census) the largest Church of Ireland presence as a proportion of the population (8.2%) anywhere in the country, has the largest proportion of Protestants overall (10.5%). As of 2016, it was also the least religious town in the country (with 18.3% indicating 'no religion').[citation needed]

Carraig Eden Theological College is a Pentecostal centre for theological study and ministerial training in Ireland. It offers BTh and MTh degrees in Applied Theology.[37]

Education and research

[edit]

Greystones has eight primary schools, including several national schools,[38][39][40][41][42][43] an Educate Together primary school,[44] and an Irish-language Gaelscoil.[45]

The town also has four secondary schools:

  • St. David's Holy Faith Secondary School is a public, co-educational school.[46]
  • Temple Carrig School; a Church of Ireland, co-educational secondary school which opened in 2014.[47]
  • Greystones Community College, a (non-denominational) secondary school which opened in 2020[48]
  • SEK-Dublin, a private international school which offers Middle Years Programme (MYP) and Diploma Programme (DP) courses. It is located in Belvedere Hall and first opened its doors in 1981.[49][50]

Wicklow County Council manages a Carnegie library opposite Burnaby Park on the main street (Church Road).

Entertainment

[edit]

Greystones has a number of entertainment facilities; Charlesland Sports and Recreation Park which include a skate park, several all-weather football and basketball courts, a running track and a playground.[51] The Whale Theatre, used for drama, dance, and concerts, is located in the town centre and is supplemented by Greystones Studios, which provide classes, performance space, practice rooms and AV studios.[52]

Film and television

[edit]
  • The Ormonde cinema in Greystones, which closed in July 2007, featured in the Father Ted episode "The Passion of Saint Tibulus" and also in an episode of Custer's Last Standup.[53]
  • Greystones featured as a backdrop for some scenes in the popular BBC series Ballykissangel.
  • The town was frequently used in the Irish programme Glenroe.
  • Parts of the movie Taffin, starring Pierce Brosnan, were filmed in Greystones.
  • Greystones featured in an episode of Dream Team, a Sky One soccer soap series.
  • Parts of George Gently, a 2007 British detective one-off by BBC, were filmed around the harbour. Martin Shaw starred in the production, which is set in 1960s Britain (Northumberland). The Beach House pub was renamed 'The Mariner's Rest' for the occasion.[citation needed]
  • The movie Yesterday's Children, starring Jane Seymour, was filmed in Greystones.[citation needed]

Economy

[edit]

The Greystones area is the home to several businesses, including The Happy Pear food company[54][55] and Goldfish Telecom.[56][57][58]

Greystones remains the most expensive Eircode (A63) outside of Dublin as of Q2 2021 at €495,000.[59]

Notable people

[edit]

Greystones and its environs (including Delgany) are home to several notable people including:

Town twinning

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Republic of Ireland

Greystones has town twinning agreements with:

[edit]
  • Harbour and Little Sugar Loaf
    Harbour and Little Sugar Loaf
  • Shops in Greystones
    Shops in Greystones
  • Seafront
    Seafront
  • Greystones from north
    Greystones from north
  • Holy Rosary Church
    Holy Rosary Church

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d Includes Delgany: "Interactive Data Visualisations: Towns: Greystones–Delgany". Census 2022. Central Statistics Office. Retrieved 17 November 2023.
  2. ^ "Greystones: world's most liveable community". RTÉ News. 10 November 2008. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
  3. ^ Dodd, Eimear (10 December 2021). "Greystones picks up second International Award for Liveable Communities". independent.ie. Wicklow People. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
  4. ^ "Greystones". City Population. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
  5. ^ "New home view: Shades of Greystones". Irish Independent. April 2018. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  6. ^ Quinlan, Ronald. "Growth of Delgany continues as more lands come for sale". The Irish Times. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  7. ^ "Cairn Homes sells 11.5-acre Wicklow site to Department of Education". independent. 25 January 2021. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  8. ^ "Census 2016 Sapmap Area: Municipal District Greystones". CSO. Archived from the original on 22 February 2018. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  9. ^ "Greystones and Delgany station" (PDF). Railscot – Irish Railways. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 8 September 2007.
  10. ^ Greenwood, Margaret; Connolly, Mark; Wallis, Geoff (2003). The Rough Guide to Ireland. London: Rough Guides. p. 158. ISBN 1-84353-059-7. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
  11. ^ County of Wicklow Local Electoral Areas and Municipal Districts Order 2018 (S.I. No. 638 of 2018). Signed on 19 December 2018. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Archived from the original on 31 May 2019. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 7 June 2019.
  12. ^ Towns Improvement (Ireland) Act 1854 (Greystones) Order 1983 (S.I. No. 162 of 1983). Signed on 15 June 1983. Statutory Instrument of the Government of Ireland. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book.
  13. ^ Local Government Act 2001, 6th Sch.: Local Government Areas (Towns) (No. 37 of 2001, 6th Sch.). Enacted on 21 July 2001. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 3 August 2022.
  14. ^ Local Government Reform Act 2014, s. 24: Dissolution of town councils and transfer date (No. 1 of 2014, s. 24). Enacted on 27 January 2014. Act of the Oireachtas. Retrieved from Irish Statute Book on 21 May 2022.
  15. ^ "Greystones Harbour Deception". Indymedia Ireland. 20 February 2008. Archived from the original on 22 January 2011. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
  16. ^ The proposed development Greystones Harbour.com. Retrieved on 23 May 2006. Archived 22 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ Proposals for town's €300m marina 'have serious flaws' Archived 18 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine Irish Independent, 28 March 2006. Retrieved on 24 May 2006.
  18. ^ Greystones Marina plan generates 5,500 submissions Archived 4 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine The Irish Times, 16 February 2006. Retrieved on 9 August 2007.
  19. ^ a b €300m Greystones development to go ahead Archived 14 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine RTÉ News, 9 August 2007. Retrieved on 9 August 2007.
  20. ^ Greystones development gets go-ahead[permanent dead link] The Irish Times, 9 August 2007. Retrieved on 9 August 2007.
  21. ^ Greystones development paused Archived 22 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine The Irish Times,22 February 2010. Retrieved on 20 March 2010.
  22. ^ Burke, Roisin (8 April 2012). "NAMA firm struggles to survive as Cotter sails €1m yacht". Business. Dublin. Sunday Independent.
  23. ^ Burke, Roisin (2 September 2012). "NAMA agrees to debt write-down". Business. Dublin. Sunday Independent.
  24. ^ a b "Greystones United". Greystones United Football Club. Archived from the original on 30 October 2008. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
  25. ^ "Our History". greystonesgc.com. Retrieved 12 October 2024.
  26. ^ "About us". Greystones Lawn Tennis Club. Archived from the original on 1 August 2020. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  27. ^ "St. Kilian's Badminton Club". Archived from the original on 18 January 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  28. ^ "Welcome". Greystones.dublindiocese.ie. 30 January 2006. Archived from the original on 5 April 2009. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
  29. ^ "Welcome – Greystones Presbyterian Church". Greystones Presbyterian Church. Archived from the original on 13 March 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2009.
  30. ^ "Church of Ireland – A province of the Anglican Communion". Ireland.anglican.org. Archived from the original on 15 February 2008. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
  31. ^ "Hillside Evangelical Church – Home". Hillsideevangelicalchurch.ie. Archived from the original on 18 November 2007. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
  32. ^ Northern Europe Field Director Philip McAlister. "Ireland † Nazarene Northern Europe Field". Naznef.org. Archived from the original on 15 February 2008. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
  33. ^ Conneely, Ailbhe (21 March 2022). "Charity houses over 20 Ukraine families in Greystones". rte.ie.
  34. ^ "Ukrainians told 'Greystones is your home for as long as you want it to be' as they celebrate Constitution Day". Irish Independent. 1 July 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  35. ^ "The Greystones Guide | New Ukrainian Centre At Carmelite Convent". The Greystones Guide. 20 September 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  36. ^ "Interactive Data Visualisations | CSO Ireland". visual.cso.ie. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
  37. ^ "Carraig Eden Theological College". Archived from the original on 4 October 2008. Retrieved 31 October 2008.
  38. ^ St. Kevin's National School (Roman Catholic; formerly Christian Brothers)
  39. ^ St. Brigid's National School (Roman Catholic)
  40. ^ St. Laurence's National School (Roman Catholic)
  41. ^ St. Patrick's National School (predominantly Church of Ireland)
  42. ^ Delgany National School (predominantly Church of Ireland)
  43. ^ Greystones Community National School (non-denominational)
  44. ^ Together, Greystones Educate. "Greystones Educate Together NS". Greystones Educate Together NS.
  45. ^ Gaelscoil na gCloch Liath
  46. ^ "Home". St David's.
  47. ^ "Temple Carrig School | Greystones, Co. Wicklow, Ireland".
  48. ^ "Greystones Community College".
  49. ^ "International school in Dublin, County Wicklow - SEK-Dublin". SEK Dublín. 14 June 2023.
  50. ^ Burke-Kennedy, Eoin. "International school in Bray plans to quadruple student numbers". The Irish Times. Retrieved 26 October 2021.
  51. ^ "Charlesland Sports and Recreational Park". Wicklow County Council. Archived from the original on 20 December 2007. Retrieved 2 February 2009.
  52. ^ "Greystones Theatre". Greystones Theatre. Archived from the original on 23 January 2009. Retrieved 2 February 2009.
  53. ^ "Custer's Last Stand-Up Television Show". TV.com. Archived from the original on 15 March 2009. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
  54. ^ "The Happy Pear". www.thehappypear.ie. Archived from the original on 21 August 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  55. ^ Valentine, Aoife (25 January 2016). "The Happy Pear: 'When we started, people looked at us with pity'". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2020.(subscription required)
  56. ^ "Goldfish". www.goldfish.ie. Archived from the original on 12 July 2016. Retrieved 12 July 2016.
  57. ^ Newenham, Pamela (5 April 2013). "Goldfish.ie hooks €100k per annum telecoms deal". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2020.(subscription required)
  58. ^ "Ringing in new era for corporate communications". The Irish Times. 9 January 2013. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved 20 February 2020.(subscription required)
  59. ^ Shortt, Robert (15 September 2021). "Property price growth hits 3 year high of 8.6% - CSO". RTÉ.ie.
  60. ^ Heffernan, Breda (22 December 2012). "Sean FitzPatrick released on bail after facing fresh charges". Irish Independent. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  61. ^ Williams, Ffion (18 January 2012). "Holyhead to be officially twinned with Irish town Greystones on Friday". Bangor and Anglesey Mail. Retrieved 19 April 2012.
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